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Thursday, July 5, 2012

Wannabee a beekeeper 2, you've been framed

Once you have your hive, you are going to need frames.
Frames are where the bees will build their comb, brood frames will contain all the eggs, larvae, metamorphising bees and a small amount of honey and pollen.  Super frames will contain all the honey and perhaps a small amount of pollen.
The picture shows all the parts that make up a frame, one topbar with wax retaining strip, two sidebars, two bottom bars, 11 frame pins and a sheet of wax.

Once assembled your frame should look like the picture on the left, the frame must be straight and square and the wax must be flat.  The bees will draw their comb on the wax, if the wax is not flat nor will the comb be.

If you have built the frame correctly and the bees have done their part, after a short while the frame will be covered in drawn comb.  This frame is ready for the bees to clean and then the queen will start laying, one egg per cell.

I use just two types of frames, in the brood box I have DN4's, as in deep national type 4.  The type 4 is a Hoffman self spacing frame, which means when they are pushed together the raised shoulder on each sidebar creates a gap that is exactly right for 'bee space', the space required for bees to work back to back.  It is usual to have 11 frames in a national, it is possible to fit 12 but it is very tight and when extracting frames, bees will be 'rolled', which they do not take kindly to.
In the super I use SN1 frames, as in shallow national type 1.  The type 1 has straight sides and is not self spacing.  I have only 10 frames, sometimes 9 in the supers, this encourages the bees to draw deeper comb, deeper comb = more honey.  I use standard wired wax in both types of frame.

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